What artistic element is characteristic of Chinese landscape paintings?

Chinese landscape paintings are renowned for their distinct portrayal of nature, particularly emphasizing the elements of mountains and water. This characteristic is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and philosophy, reflecting the harmony between humanity and nature. Mountains often symbolize stability and eternal life, while water represents fluidity and change.

In these paintings, the landscapes are often depicted in a way that conveys a sense of grandeur and tranquility, inviting viewers to not only appreciate the beauty of the natural world but also to reflect on their place within it. The use of brush techniques and ink washes further enhances the depth and texture, allowing the artist to express their emotional response to the scenery.

The other aspects mentioned in the choices do not encapsulate the essence of traditional Chinese landscape painting. While human figures may appear, they are typically secondary to the landscape itself. The focus on abstract forms and bright colors is also not characteristic, as Chinese landscapes traditionally emphasize more subtle hues and a focus on realistic representations of nature.