What technique involves using dots to create the illusion of light and shadow?

The technique that involves using dots to create the illusion of light and shadow is known as stippling. This method employs small dots placed closely together or further apart to suggest different levels of light and shadow in an artwork. By varying the density and placement of these dots, artists can achieve a range of tones and textures, capable of creating depth and dimension on a flat surface. This technique is particularly effective in demonstrating a gradual transition between light and shadow, allowing for detailed and nuanced representations in drawing and printmaking.

Other techniques, such as cross hatching, utilize intersecting lines to build up tones, while gesture drawing focuses more on capturing the essence and movement of a subject rather than detailed light and shadow play. Contour drawing emphasizes the outlines and edges of forms, rather than detailing the subtleties of light interaction with surface areas. Each of these methods serves distinct purposes in the realm of art, further highlighting the unique role and effectiveness of stippling for achieving the desired visual effects of light and shadow.