Which process is commonly used to achieve a monochromatic effect in printing?

The process that is commonly used to achieve a monochromatic effect in printing is monotype. Monotype involves applying ink to a smooth surface and then transferring that ink onto paper, creating a single print with unique characteristics. This method allows for a high degree of artistic control, enabling the artist to manipulate the ink and produce a variety of textures and tones. The nature of monotypes means that each print is distinct, often featuring a monochrome palette that emphasizes form and composition without the complexities of color layering found in other printmaking techniques.

Etching, relief printing, and silkscreen printing can also be used to create prints, but they often involve multiple colors or layers, making it more challenging to achieve a purely monochromatic effect consistently across a series. While they may incorporate monochrome elements, they are not specifically designed to focus solely on a single color, as monotypes can be. This distinction highlights why monotype is the preferred method for achieving a strong monochromatic presentation in printmaking.